Title: Gr00 Congress
Course: Civics Citizenship Class of 20##

Q: Name your U.S. Representative.
- Kelly Armstrong
- Heidi Heitkamp
- John Hoeven
- Kevin Cramer
A: Kelly Armstrong
Feedback: Kelly Armstrong is N.D. Representative [Image: Kelly Armstrong Image]The Founding Fathers wanted people in all states to be represented fairly. In the House of Representatives, a state’s population determines the number of representatives it has. In this way, states with many people have a stronger voice in the House. People who live in a representative’s district are called “constituents.” Representatives tend to reflect the views of their constituents. If representatives do not do this, they may be voted out of office. The Framers of the Constitution believed that short two-year terms and frequent elections would keep representatives close to their constituents, public opinion, and more aware of local and community concerns. The Constitution puts no limit on the number of terms a representative may serve. All representatives are up for election every two years.

Q: Who is one of your state's U.S. Senators now?
- Kelly Armstrong (Kelly Armstrong is the North Dakota US Representative)
- John Hoeven (You are correct either John Hoeven or Kevin Cramer are ND Senators)
- Kevin Cramer (You are correct either John Hoeven or Kevin Cramer are ND Senators)
- Heidi Heitkamp (Heidi was not re-elected.)
A: John Hoeven / Kevin Cramer
Feedback: Cramer and Hoeven are N.D. Senators [Image: Cramer image]The [Image: Hoeven Image] Framers of the Constitution wanted senators to be independent from public opinion. They thought a fairly long, six-year term would give them this protection. They also wanted longer Senate terms to balance the shorter two-year terms of the members of the House, who would more closely follow public opinion. The Constitution puts no limit on the number of terms a senator may serve. Elections for U.S. senators take place on even-numbered years. Every two years, one-third of the senators are up for election. There are 100 senators in Congress, two from each state. All states have equal power in the Senate because each state has the same number of senators. States with a very small population have the same number of senators as states with very large populations. The Framers of the Constitution made sure that the Senate would be small. This would keep it more orderly than the larger House of Representatives. As James Madison wrote in Federalist Paper, the Senate should be a “temperate and respectable body of citizens” that operates in a “cool and deliberate” way.

Q: What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?
- Mike Johnson
- Nancy Pelosi
- Paul Ryan
- Joe Biden
A: Mike Johnson
Feedback: The current speaker of the House of Representatives is Mike Johnson. He is an American politician who is the 56^th and current speaker of the United States House of Representatives, serving since October 25^th, 2023.

Q: What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?
- the House of Lords and the House of Commons
- the Senate and House of Representatives
- the Senate and the courts
- the House of Representatives and the courts
A: the Senate and House of Representatives
Feedback: The two parts of the United States Congress are the Senate and the House of Representatives. Citizens from all over the United States are elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are 100 members in the Senate. Every state elects two senators. Senators represent all the people in their state. They are elected for 6-year terms. The House of Representatives has 435 voting members. States with more people have more representatives in the House of Representatives. Representatives represent a district, or part, of each state. Representatives are elected for 2-year terms.

Q: Why do some states have more Representatives that other states?
- because some states have more people
- because some states cover more land
- because of a state's governor
- because some states have more money
A: because some states have more people
Feedback: The Founding Fathers wanted people in all states to be represented fairly. In the House of Representatives, a state’s population determines the number of representatives it has. In this way, states with many people have a stronger voice in the House. In the Senate, every state has the same number of senators. This means that states with few people still have a strong voice in the national government.

Q: Who makes federal laws?
- Congress
- the vice president
- the Supreme Court
- the president
A: Congress
Feedback: Congress makes federal laws. A federal law usually applies to all states and all people in the United States. Either side of Congress—the Senate or the House of Representatives—can propose a bill to address an issue. When the Senate proposes a bill, it sends the bill to a Senate committee. The Senate committee studies the issue and the bill. When the House of Representatives proposes a bill, it sends the bill to a House of Representatives committee. The committee studies the bill and sometimes makes changes to it. Then the bill goes to the full House or Senate for consideration. When each chamber passes its own version of the bill, it often goes to a “conference committee.” The conference committee has members from both the House and the Senate. This committee discusses the bill, tries to resolve the differences, and writes a report with the final version of the bill. Then the committee sends the final version of the bill back to both houses for approval. If both houses approve the bill, it is considered “enrolled.” An enrolled bill goes to the president to be signed into law. If the president signs the bill, it becomes a federal law.

Q: We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?
- four (4)
- six (6)
- two (2)
- eight (8)
A: two (2)
Feedback: We elect a U.S. representative for two years. Representatives can run for office as many times as they want. Their job is to represent the people who live in their district in the House of Representatives.

Q: The House of Representatives has how many voting members?
- four hundred thirty-five (435)
- four hundred forty-one (441)
- one hundred (100)
- two hundred (200)
A: four hundred thirty-five (435)
Feedback: There are 435 voting members in the House of Representatives. Each state is divided into districts. Each district elects one representative. California is the state with the most people. It has more than 50 representatives. States with fewer people, like Alaska, have only one representative.

Q: We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?
- six (6)
- four (4)
- two (2)
- ten (10)
A: six (6)
Feedback: We elect U.S. senators for six years. Senators can run for office as many times as they want. Their job is to represent all the people of their state in the Senate.

Q: How many U.S. Senators are there?
- four hundred thirty-five (435)
- fifty (50)
- fifty-two (52)
- one hundred (100)
A: one hundred (100)
Feedback: There are 100 U.S. senators. There are two senators from each state. All states have the same number of U.S. senators. There are 50 states, so there are 100 senators.

Q: Who does a U.S. Senator represent?
- only the people of the state who belong to the senator's political party
- the state legislatures
- only the people in the state who voted for the senator
- all people of the state
A: all people of the state
Feedback: A U.S. senator represents all the people in a state. Each state has two senators. Every citizen who is over 18 and living in a state can vote for both senators from that state. The number of U.S. senators does not change if a state has more people or fewer people living in it. This way, every state has equal representation in the Senate.