BPS CTE Aviation Standards Book

Topic 1_1 Aircraft Basics

• AER-HS.1_1.01 Identify the components of different types of aircraft, both exterior and interior.
  
• AER-HS.1_1.02 Compare and contrast categories and classes of aircraft: airplane, rotorcraft, glider, powered-lift, and lighter-than-air.
  
• AER-HS.1_1.03 Compare and contrast the various categories into which aircraft are organized during certification: normal, experimental, restricted, acrobatic, utility, and transport.

Topic 1_2 Aircraft Flight Instruments

• AER-HS.1_2.01 Identify the seven basic/standard instruments.
  
• AER-HS.1_2.02 Describe the operation/limitations of the pitot-static system.
  
• AER-HS.1_2.03 Describe the operation/limitations of the gyroscopic system.
  
• AER-HS.1_2.04 Describe the operation/limitations of the magnetic system.
  

Topic 1_3 Flight Systems

• AER-HS.1_3.01 Explain the function of the battery, alternator, and magneto.
  
• AER-HS.1_3.02 Discuss fuel systems.
  
• AER-HS.1_3.03 Explain the cycle of an internal combustion engine.
  
• AER-HS.1_3.04 Describe common errors with the induction system.
  
• AER-HS.1_3.05 Compare differences between fixed pitch and constant speed propellers.
  
• AER-HS.1_3.06 Explain the operation and limitations of the flight control system (primary and secondary).
  
• AER-HS.1_3.07 Explain the operation and limitations of the powerplant.
  
• AER-HS.1_3.08 Explain the operation and limitations of the gear system.
  
• AER-HS.1_3.09 Explain the operation and limitations of the environmental system.

Topic 2_1 Aerodynamics of Flight

• AER-HS.2_1.01 Describe and explain the relationship the four forces of flight.
  
• AER-HS.2_1.02 Define the angle of attack and critical angle of attack.
  
• AER-HS.2_1.03 Describe the types of drag, both parasite and induced.
  
• AER-HS.2_1.04 Explain various wing shapes and how wing tip vortices are created.
  
• AER-HS.2_1.05 Discuss and compare the four main types of wing flaps and the advantages and disadvantages to their uses.
  
• AER-HS.2_1.06 Explain how Newton’s Third Law and Bernoulli’s principle affect lift.
  
• AER-HS.2_1.07 Identify the parts of an airfoil (e.g., chord line, relative wind, camber, leading edge, trailing edge).
  
• AER-HS.2_1.08 Describe the aerodynamics of a stall.
  
• AER-HS.2_1.09 Define static and dynamic stability.
  

Topic 2_2 Weather Theory

• AER-HS.2_2.01 Identify the gases and ratios found within the atmosphere.
  
• AER-HS.2_2.02 Describe factors that affect atmospheric weather patterns.
  
• AER-HS.2_2.03 Identify and explain the various family of clouds.
  
• AER-HS.2_2.04 Explain the formation of clouds and the conditions necessary to form each type.
  
• AER-HS.2_2.05 Explain and compare the various types of precipitation.
  
• AER-HS.2_2.06 Explain the importance of atmospheric stability and cloud formation.
  
• AER-HS.2_2.07 Compare dew point and humidity.
  
• AER-HS.2_2.08 Identify the various stages of thunderstorms and the hazards to flight.
  

Topic 2_3 Weather Products and Reports

• AER-HS.2_3.01 Identify Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) codes (e.g., TEMPO, FM).
  
• AER-HS.2_3.02 Explain, analyze, and apply TAFs.
  
• AER-HS.2_3.03 Explain the importance of a winds aloft forecast.
  
• AER-HS.2_3.04 Identify abbreviations (e.g., RA, BR, and SN) used in METAR weather reports.
  
• AER-HS.2_3.05 Decode, analyze, and apply METARs.
  
• AER-HS.2_3.06 Analyze weather graphics.
  
• AER-HS.2_3.07 Determine weather products issuance and valid times.
  

Topic 2_4 Weight and Balance

• AER-HS.2_4.01 Define weight and balance terms (e.g., center of gravity, basic empty, weight and useful load).
  
• AER-HS.2_4.02 Identify the methods of calculating weight and balance.
  
• AER-HS.2_4.03 Explain the effects of weight on aircraft performance.
  
• AER-HS.2_4.04 Explain the effects of forward/aft center of gravity on aircraft performance.
  
• AER-HS.2_4.05 Determine the center of gravity using the computation method.

Topic 2_5 E6B Flight Computer

• AER-HS.2_5.01 Calculate Time/Distance/Rate problems.
  
• AER-HS.2_5.02 Compute groundspeed and wind correction angle.
  

Topic 2_6 Performance Calculations

• AER-HS.2_6.01 Determine aircraft performance problems.
  
• AER-HS.2_6.02 Determine aircraft performance predictions using current aircraft information and atmospheric conditions.
  
• AER-HS.2_6.03 Compare predicted aircraft performance vs. actual aircraft performance (actual or simulated).
  
• AER-HS.2_6.04 Determine predicted aircraft performance changes if a modification to airframe or powerplant occurs.

Topic 3_1 Airport Operations

• AER-HS.3_1.01 Discuss and explain each leg of standard and nonstandard traffic patterns.
  
• AER-HS.3_1.02 Describe how runway numbers are determined.
  
• AER-HS.3_1.03 Recognize various types of airports (controlled and uncontrolled).
  
• AER-HS.3_1.04 Explain the purpose of a displaced threshold.
  
• AER-HS.3_1.05 Explain the purpose of a blast pad.
  
• AER-HS.3_1.06 Recognize visual aids and their purpose (e.g., signs, lights, and markings).
  

Topic 3_2 Airspace

• AER-HS.3_2.01 Compare the classes of controlled and uncontrolled airspaces and airports.
  
• AER-HS.3_2.02 Identify the airspace dimensions needed for each class of airspace.
  
• AER-HS.3_2.03 Recognize various classes of airspace on sectional charts.
  
• AER-HS.3_2.04 Identify the minimum weather requirements for each class of airspace.
  
• AER-HS.3_2.05 Categorize the pilot qualifications needed for each class of airspace.
  
• AER-HS.3_2.06 Explain the aircraft requirements for each class of airspace.
  
• AER-HS.3_2.07 Determine when it would be necessary to request a special VFR clearance.
  

Topic 3_3 Flight Communication

• AER-HS.3_3.01 Demonstrate use of the phonetic alphabet and numbers.
  
• AER-HS.3_3.02 Convert local times to Zulu time and vice versa.
  
• AER-HS.3_3.03 Discuss the purpose of the following facilities/frequencies: ground control, tower, CTAF, Unicom, FSS, approach/departure control, ATIS and enroute center.
  
• AER-HS.3_3.04 Describe the purpose of an airplane’s transponder.
  
• AER-HS.3_3.05 Explain the standard and emergency squawk codes.
  
• AER-HS.3_3.06 Explain light gun signals and their purpose.
  

Topic 3_4 Navigation

• AER-HS.3_4.01 Identify pilotage and dead reckoning techniques.
  
• AER-HS.3_4.02 Explain when radio navigation would be beneficial.
  
• AER-HS.3_4.03 Plan a flight using VOR navigation techniques.
  
• AER-HS.3_4.04 Plan a flight using GPS navigation techniques.
  
• AER-HS.3_4.05 Demonstrate appropriate radio navigation techniques using VOR and GPS.
  

Topic 3_5 Cross Country Flight Planning

• AER-HS.3_5.01 Demonstrate use of flight planning tools (e.g., AFD, E6B, and Plotter Sectional charts).
  
• AER-HS.3_5.02 Plan a XC flight using multiple navigation techniques.
  
• AER-HS.3_5.03 Complete nav-log for preflight planning.
  

Topic 4_1 Events and Trends in Aviation

• AER-HS.4_1.01 Discuss important people in aviation history and their contribution to the field of aviation.
  
• AER-HS.4_1.02 Determine the progression of aviation technology (e.g., Pre-Heavier than air flight, gliders (pre-Wright brothers), World War I and II, the jet age, and NextGen aviation).
  
• AER-HS.4_1.03 Identify and explain current issues (including socio-economic challenges) in aviation.
  

Topic 4_2 Aviation Training Requirements

• AER-HS.4_2.01 Describe flight training processes.
  
• AER-HS.4_2.02 Determine the period of time for medical certificate validity.
  
• AER-HS.4_2.03 Identify the mission of aviation organizations (e.g., AOPA, EAA, CAP).
  
• AER-HS.4_2.04 Determine FAA Pilot certificate requirements.

Topic 4_3 Aviation Physiology

• AER-HS.4_3.01 Explain the PAVE checklist.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.02 Discuss the IMSAFE checklist.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.03 Describe the medical qualifications requirements for pilots.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.04 Identify and explain the various parts of the vestibular system, how the kinesthetic sense affects humans, and the function of the human eye.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.05 Identify each type of hypoxia and associated causes.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.06 Describe symptoms of hypoxia.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.07 Describe corrective actions for hypoxia.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.08 Explain the development of night vision.
  
• AER-HS.4_3.09 Discuss the importance of spatial awareness and disorientation.
  

Topic 4_4 Aviation Careers

• AER-HS.4_4.01 Identify career opportunities in aviation.
  
• AER-HS.4_4.02 Identify current career trends in aviation.
  
• AER-HS.4_4.03 Discuss pathways to an aviation career.