Learners will develop a foundational understanding of the number system, operations, and computational fluency to create connections and solve problems within and across concepts.
MAT-12.NO.13 Apply the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to find all roots of a polynomial equation and determine the nature (i.e., integer, rational, irrational, real, complex) of the roots.
MAT-12.NO.06 Know there is a complex number i such that i² = -1, and every complex number has the form of a + bi with a and b real. Understand the hierarchal relationships among subsets of the complex number system.
MAT-12.NO.07 Use the definition i 2 = -1 and the commutative, associative, and distributive properties to add, subtract, and multiply complex numbers.
MAT-12.NO.08 Use conjugates to find quotients of complex numbers.
MAT-12.NO.09 Apply the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to determine the number of zeros for polynomial functions. Find all solutions to a polynomial equation.
MAT-12.AR.11 Solve quadratic equations with real coefficients that have solutions of the form a+bi and a-bi.
MAT-12.NO.10 Represent complex numbers on the complex plane in rectangular, trigonometric, and polar forms. Find the modulus (absolute value) of a complex number. Explain why the rectangular, trigonometric, and polar forms of a given complex number represent the same number.
MAT-12.NO.11 Represent addition, subtraction, multiplication, conjugation, powers, and roots of complex numbers geometrically on the complex and/or polar plane; use properties of this representation for computation.
MAT-12.NO.12 Extend polynomial identities to the complex numbers.
MAT-12.NO.13Apply the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to find all roots of a polynomial equation and determine the nature (i.e., integer, rational, irrational, real, complex) of the roots.
Linear Equations
MAT-07.AR.EE.01 Apply the properties of operations as strategies to add, subtract, factor, and expand linear expressions involving variables, integers, and/or non-negative fractions and decimals with an emphasis on writing equivalent expressions.
MAT-08.AR.EE.03 Explain the characteristics of a linear relationship, including identifying the slope and yintercept in tables, graphs, equations, and descriptions.
MAT-08.AR.EE.04 Represent linear relationships using tables, graphs, equations, and descriptions when given a relationship in one of these forms.
MAT-08.AR.EE.05 Solve linear equations with rational number coefficients and variables on both sides, including equations that require using the distributive property and/or combining and collecting like terms. Interpret the number of solutions. Give examples of linear equations in one variable with one solution, many solutions, or no solutions.
MAT-09.AR.03 Create equations and inequalities in one variable and use them to solve problems. Include equations arising from linear, quadratic, and exponential functions.
MAT-09.AR.04 Create linear and exponential equations in two or more variables to represent relationships between quantities. Graph equations on coordinate axes with appropriate labels and scales.
MAT-09.AR.05 Justify each step in solving a linear equation that may or may not have a solution.
MAT-09.AR.06 Solve linear equations and inequalities (to include compound inequalities) in one variable.
MAT-09.AR.07 Solve a system of linear equations graphically and algebraically. Create and solve a system of linear equations in context and interpret the results.
MAT-12.AR.05 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational expressions. Understand that rational expressions form a system analogous to rational numbers, closed under addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division by a nonzero rational expression.
MAT-12.AR.07 Create equations and inequalities and use them to solve problems. Include equations arising from linear and quadratic functions and simple rational and exponential functions.
MAT-12.AR.08 Create equations in two or more variables to represent relationships between quantities.
Graph equations on coordinate axes with appropriate labels and scales.
MAT-12.AR.09 Represent constraints by equations or inequalities and by systems of equations and/or inequalities and interpret solutions as viable or non-viable options in a modeling context.
MAT-12.AR.12 Solve simple rational and radical equations in one variable and identify extraneous solutions.
MAT-12.AR.F.14 Write arithmetic and geometric sequences both recursively and with an explicit formula and convert between the two forms. Use sequences to model situations.
MAT-12.AR.15 Apply the Factor and Remainder Theorems to determine efficiently whether a liner expression is a factor of a polynomial expression.
MAT-12.AR.16 Using graphs, technology, tables, or successive approximations, show that the solution(s) to the equation f(x) = g(x) is the x-value(s) that result in the y-values of f(x) and g(x) being the same.
MAT-12.AR.17 Solve a simple system consisting of a linear equation and a quadratic equation in two variables algebraically and graphically.
MAT-12.AR.18 Find the inverse of a matrix if it exists and use it to solve systems of linear equations (using technology for matrices of dimension 3 × 3 or greater).
MAT-12.NO.13Apply the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to find all roots of a polynomial equation and determine the nature (i.e., integer, rational, irrational, real, complex) of the roots.
MAT-12.AR.19 Solve a system of equations in three or more variables with matrices (using technology).
MAT-12.AR.F.23 Use inverse functions to solve trigonometric equations that arise in modeling contexts; evaluate the solutions and interpret them in context.
Proficiency Scale