6th Grade Physical Science

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SCI-MS.PS1.01.pt

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS1] Matter and Its Interaction (Periodic Table)

SCI-MS.PS1.01.pt Develop Models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can

Reasoning Targets

  • I can

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can

Product Targets

  • I can

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • Key Vocabulary: Atomic number, Atomic Mass, Atomic Symbol, Family, Group
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • use the periodic table to compare elements
  • compare elements characteristics based on their families/groups
Sample Activity:
Identify an element by its characteristics. Including atomic number, atomic mass, atomic symbol, etc.
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • Family
  • Group
  • Atomic Number
  • Atomic Mass
  • Atomic Symbol

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window

SCI-MS.PS1.02

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS1] Matter and Its Interaction

SCI-MS.PS1.02 Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after an interaction has occurred to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. 

Clarification Statement: Examples of reactions could include burning sugar or steel wool, fat reacting with sodium hydroxide, and mixing zinc with hydrogen chloride.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.
PS1.B: Chemical Reactions Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can identify and define each phase change.
  • I can identify and define each state of matter.
  • I can describe the changes in properties (volume, appearance, density, etc) that occur with a phase change.
  • I can explain the relationship between phase changes and addition/subtraction of thermal energy.

Reasoning Targets

  • I can infer the temperature at which phase changes occur from a graph.
  • I can compare the observable physical properties (shape and volume) of solids, liquids, and gases.

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can find mass, volume, density and temperature of an object.

Product Targets

  • I can create a phase change model using lab data.

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • Key Vocabulary:physical change, physical property, chemical change, chemical property, chemical reaction.
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • identifies substances based on chemical & physical properties.
  • identifies physical properties of a substance.
  • identifies chemical properties of a substance.
Sample Activity: Student creates a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast physical and chemical properties
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • States of Matter: 
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
  • Physical Properties
  • Chemical Properties
  • Density - Mass - Volume

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window
Word 2007 document MSPS1-2.docx

SCI-MS.PS1.03

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS1] Matter and Its Interaction

SCI-MS.PS1.03 Gather and analyze information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on natural resources that undergo a chemical process to form the synthetic material. Examples of new materials could include new medicine, foods, and alternative fuels
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.
PS1.B: Chemical Reactions Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants.

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can

Reasoning Targets

  • I can

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can

Product Targets

  • I can

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • words
  • list

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window

SCI-MS.PS1.04

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS1] Matter and Its Interaction

SCI-MS.PS1.04 Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on qualitative molecular-level models of solids, liquids, and gases to show that adding or removing thermal energy increases or decreases kinetic energy of the particles until a change of state occurs. Examples of models could include drawings and diagrams. Examples of particles could include molecules or inert atoms. Examples of pure substances could include water, carbon dioxide, and helium.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter.
PS3.A: Definitions of Energy Heat refers to the energy transferred due to the temperature difference between two objects. The temperature of a system is proportional to the average internal kinetic energy and potential energy per atom or molecule. The details of that relationship depend on the type of atom or molecule and the interactions among the atoms in the material.

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can identify and define each state of matter. 
  • I can identify the phase changes.

Reasoning Targets

  • I can infer the temperature at which phase changes occur.

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can measure the temperature of a substance.

Product Targets

  • I can create a phase change model using lab data.
  • I can identify the states of matter and phase changes on a phase change graph.

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • Key Vocabulary: Melting Point, Boiling Point, Freezing, Condensation, Evaporation, Sublimation, Deposition
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • identify and define phase change
  • explain the behavior of the particles at each phase of matter
Sample Activity:
The student draws atom particle arrangements based on the phases of matter.
The students identify phase changes on a graph
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • Melting point
  • Boiling point
  • Freezing
  • Condensation
  • Evaporation
  • Sublimation
  • Deposition 

Websites

Word 2007 document MS-PS1.4.docx

SCI-MS.PS1.05

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS1] Matter and Its Interaction

SCI-MS.PS1.05 Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on law of conservation of matter and on physical models or drawings, including digital forms, that represent atoms.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS1.B: Chemical Reactions Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can

Reasoning Targets

  • I can

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can

Product Targets

  • I can

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • words
  • list

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window

SCI-MS.PS1.06

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS1] Matter and Its Interaction

SCI-MS.PS1.06 Design a project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the design, controlling the transfer of energy to the environment, and modification of a device using factors such as type and concentration of a substance. Examples of designs could involve chemical reactions such as dissolving ammonium chloride or calcium chloride.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS1.B: Chemical Reactions Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. 
ETS1.C: Optimizing the Design Solution Although one design may not perform the best across all tests, identifying the characteristics of the design that performed the best in each test can provide useful information for the redesign process. The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed based on the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution (secondary).

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can

Reasoning Targets

  • I can

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can

Product Targets

  • I can

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • words
  • list

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window

SCI-MS.PS2

BPSS-SCI logo DCI Physical Science PS2

Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

Performance Expectations

PS2 Forces and Interactions focuses on helping students understand ideas related to why some objects will keep moving, why objects fall to the ground and why some materials are attracted to each other while others are not. Students answer the question , “How can one describe physical interactions between objects and within systems of objects ?”

At the middle school level, the PS 2 Disciplinary Core Idea is broken down into two sub-ideas: Forces and Motion and Types of interactions. By the end of middle school , students will be able to apply Newton’s Third Law of Motion to relate forces to explain the motion of objects. Students also apply ideas about gravitational, electrical, and magnetic forces to explain a variety of phenomena including beginning ideas about why some materials attract each other while others repel. In particular, students will develop understanding that gravitational interactions are always attractive but that electrical and magnetic forces can be both attractive and negative. Students also develop ideas that objects can exert forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact, through fields . Students are also able to apply an engineering practice and concept to solve a problem caused when objects collide. The crosscutting concepts of cause and effect ; system and system models ; stability and change ; and the influence of science, engineering, and technology on society and the natural world serve as organizing concepts for these disciplinary core ideas.

In the PS2 performance expectations, students are expected to demonstrate proficiency in asking questions, planning and carrying out investigations, and designing solutions, and engaging in argument ; and to use these practices to demonstrate understanding of the core ideas.

Calculation Method for DCI

Disciplinary Core Ideas are larger groups of related Performance Expectations. So the Disciplinary Core Idea Grade is a calculation of all the related Performance Expectations. So click on the Performance Expectation name below each Disciplinary Core Idea to access the learning targets and proficiency scales for each Disciplinary Core Idea's related Performance Expectations.

SCI-MS.PS2.01

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS2] Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

SCI-MS.PS2.01 Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects.

Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on balanced (Newton’s First Law) and unbalanced forces in a system, qualitative comparisons of forces, mass and changes in motion (Newton’s Second Law), frame of reference, and specification of units.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS2.A: Forces and Motion The motion of an object is determined by the sum of the forces acting on it; if the total force on the object is not zero, its motion will change. The greater the mass of the object, the greater the force needed to achieve the same change in motion. For any given object, a larger force causes a larger change in motion.

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can describe Newton's Third Law of Motion.
  • I can identify action and reaction force pairs.

Reasoning Targets

  • I can

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can find the momentum of an object given its mass and velocity.

Product Targets

  • I can construct different types of models to represent different systems and their interactions.

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • Key Vocabulary: Newton's Third Law; input/output, energy, motion, matter, force, momentum, inertia, action, reaction, mass, velocity
  • can calculate momentum of an object given its mass and velocity
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • apply Newton's Third Law of Motion
  • identify and explain for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction. (Third Law)
Sample Activity:
Rube Goldberg Machine
Roller Coaster Lab
Connect each law to a situation
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • Newton's 3rd Law of Motion
  • energy
  • motion
  • matter
  • force
  • inertia
  • Action/ Reaction Forces
  • Momentum, Mass, Velocity

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window
Word 2007 document Proficiency Scale on MS-PS2-1.docx

SCI-MS.PS2.02

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS2] Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

SCI-MS.PS2.02 Plan an investigation using Newton's First and Second Laws to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. 

Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on balanced (Newton’s First Law) and unbalanced forces in a system, qualitative comparisons of forces, mass and changes in motion (Newton’s Second Law), frame of reference, and specification of units.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS2.A: Forces and Motion The motion of an object is determined by the sum of the forces acting on it; if the total force on the object is not zero, its motion will change. The greater the mass of the object, the greater the force needed to achieve the same change in motion. A larger force causes a larger change in motion. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared.

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can

Reasoning Targets

  • I can

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can identify that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion (First Law)
  • I can identify inertia (force = mass x acceleration) (Second Law)

Product Targets

  • I can apply Newton's First and Second Law of Motion
  • I can explain that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion (First Law)
  • I can explain inertia (force = mass x acceleration) (Second Law)

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • Key Vocabulary: Newton's First Law; Newton's Second Law; input output; energy; motion; matter; force; momentum; inertia; mass; velocity; simple machine
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • apply Newton's first and second law of motion
  • identify and explain that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion. First Law
  • identify and explain inertia (force = mass x acceleration). Second Law
  • use simple machines to reduce the amount of force or distance required for work
Sample Activity:
Rube Goldberg Machine
Roller Coaster Lab
Connect each law to a situation
Phet site Balancing Act
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • Newton's First Law
  • Newton's Second Law
  • input output
  • energy
  • motion
  • matter
  • force
  • momentum
  • inertia
  • mass
  • velocity

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window

SCI-MS.PS2.03

Physical Science Logo6th Grade (SCI) Physical Science Standards
[PS2] Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

SCI-MS.PS2.03 Interpret data to determine the factors that affect the strength of electric and magnetic forces.

Clarification Statement: Examples of devices that use electric and magnetic forces could include electromagnets, electric motors, or generators. Examples of data could include the effect of the number of turns of wire on the strength of an electromagnet, or the effect of increasing the number or strength of magnets on the speed of an electric motor.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
PS2.B: Types of Interactions Electric and magnetic (electromagnetic) forces can be attractive or repulsive, and their sizes depend on the magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths involved and on the distances between the interacting objects.

Student Learning Targets:

Knowledge Targets

  • I can

Reasoning Targets

  • I can

Skills (Performance) Targets

  • I can

Product Targets

  • I can

Proficiency Scale

The Student can ...
1 Beginning
... with help, demonstrate a partial understanding of some of the simpler details and processes (Score 2.0 content) and some of the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
2 Developing
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding the simpler details and processes but exhibits major errors or omissions regarding the more complex ideas and processes (Score 3.0 content).
  • descriptors
3 Proficient
“The Standard.”
... demonstrate no major errors or omissions regarding any of the information and processes that were end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors
4 Advanced
... demonstrate in-depth inferences and applications regarding more complex material that go beyond end of instruction expectations.
  • descriptors

Resources

Vocabulary

  • words
  • list

Websites

  • Title of website with a URL to open in a new window

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